As always with traditional herbs, the science is catching up to centuries of lived knowledge, one study at a time, and there is almost certainly more going on in this little yellow-flowered shrub than current research has fully accounted for
Another important issue is that, under heating conditions PG can produce acetaldehyde or formaldehyde (119.2 or 143.7 ng/puff at 20 W, respectively, on average), while glycerol can also generate acrolein (53.0, 1000.0 or 5.9 ng/puff at 20 W, respectively, on average), all carbonyls with a well-documented toxicity [61]
Archived from the original on 25 July 2025
However, they are not completely risk-free, as they still deliver nicotine, which is an addictive substance
Reducing the addictiveness of cigarettes
Madonna and Hailey Bieber posed with cigarettes in Interview