Similarly, Soldz and Cui (2002) examined the longitudinal patterns of smoking among adolescents, assessed on an annual basis from grades 6 to 12, and identified six clusters: nonsmokers, quitters, experimenters, early escalators, late escalators, and continuous smokers
doi:10.1164/rccm.201407-1198PP
The thresholds for each star rating were developed in consultation with collaborators and other stakeholders
Secondhand smoke can also significantly affect family members, friends, children, and coworkers
[131] This anti-smoking movement was further strengthened with Nazi reproductive policy as women who smoked were viewed as unsuitable to be wives and mothers in a German family
A 11-year retrospective study of 845 people who had been in addiction treatment found that 51 percent of deaths were the result of tobacco-related causes