Here, we hypothesized that neuronal activation might maintain or trigger the astrocyte-to-neuron lactate shuttle (ANLS), whereby lactate is released from astrocytes to support the energy requirements of ATP-starved hypoxic neurons, and this leads to the observed neuroprotection
Osteopontin (OPN) is a highly phosphorylated glycoprotein that exerts multiple functions outside of its role in bone mineralization via regulation of osteoclast function
Inhibition by uric acid of free radicals that damage biological molecules
Finally, we will discuss evidence suggesting that mitochondrial dysfunction is a potential mechanism by which ethanol promotes neurotoxicity, placing ethanol intoxication as a mitochondrial disease
BPC-157 demonstrates a remarkable ability to activate collateral vascular pathways, essentially creating backup blood supply routes
Manufactured under strict quality standards, this peptide blend is intended strictly for laboratory and research purposes only