This study indicates that oral tranexamic acid is more efficacious than oral glutathione in the management of melasma when used as an adjunctive therapy with a modified Kligman regimen
doi: 10.1530/joe-24-0269
Ingredients Water, ethylhexyl palmitate, squalane, stearic acid, Copper Tripeptide-1 (GHK-Cu), methylsulfonylmethane, dimethyl MEA (DMAE), cetyl alcohol, glyceryl stearate, PEG-100 stearate, nannochloropsis oculata extract (with pullulan, aqua, phenoxyethanol, and sodium benzoate potassium sorbate), PPG 2 myristyl ether propionate, phenoxyethanol, C10-30 cholesterol/lanosterol esters, polysorbate 80, allantoin, leucine, lavandula angustifolia (lavender) oil, aloe barbadensis (aloe vera) powder, sodium salicylate, vitamin E TPGS (tocophersolan), vitamin E (as d-alpha tocopherol plus mixed tocopherols: d-beta, d-delta and d-gamma tocopherol)
[DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar] 43.Zhang R., Yang J., Wang Q., Hu D., Zhao Q., Zhu S., Qiao Y., Zhao F., Wang Z., Wang J., et al
Grape seed extract has been shown to partially inhibit aromatase, an enzyme that converts androgen into estrogen, which can make a critical difference for women concerned about breast cancer, because breast tissue typically has higher levels of aromatase
Methods in Enzymology