Overview of Intestinal Mucosal Structure and Barrier Function The intestinal mucosal surface is an essential portal of entry of nutrients, ions, and fluids into the body that is comprised of multiple epithelial cell types serving diverse functions, connected by intercellular junctions, a luminal layer composed of glycocalyx, secreted mucus, water, and ions, and a subepithelial layer comprised of subepithelial nerves, vessels, immune cells, and lymphatics
However, if you find it causes mild digestive movement, you might try taking it with a small amount of food or shifting it to the evening
DOI: 10.3390/md10112596
2000 Sep 18;192(6):907-12
Furthermore, increased copper levels can increase reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and activate the NF-B signalling pathway, exacerbating inflammatory changes within the vascular wall and promoting atherosclerosis (25)
Nusse, R