Research is ongoing given the relative newness of e-cigarettes, but preliminary findings suggest a negative health impact similar to traditional cigarettes
however, this notion is not evidence-based and lacks credibility. This belief is attributed to limited evidence/studies due to the recent availability of these products in the market, and the fact that the effects of these products on pregnancy and fetal development/offspring health are not well characterized
Nevertheless, we cannot exclude the possibility of violation of the assumption due to unobserved heterogeneity in the controlled groups across the included studies
In addition, they highlighted how such companies commissioned academics who subjected many of these studies to a mimicked version of scientific review, using unscientific methods and inappropriately dismissing individual studies as flawed due to explicitly stated limitations, rather than considering the peer-reviewed evidence base as a whole
[81] During the expedition, they made contact with over 70 Native American tribes and described more than 200 new plant and animal species
agriculture history U.S
