Pharmacokinetic studies in rats demonstrated an oral bioavailability of 38.4%, with a mean Cmax of 2,252 ng/mL and terminal elimination half-lives of 3.80 1.10 hours (IV) and 6.90 1.20 hours (oral) (Awosemo et al., 2021)
Second, GHK-Cu has a short half-life in tissue, less than one hour in serum according to pharmacokinetic studies
According to the USDA, Vitamin B12 deficiency is believed to be one of the most common nutrient deficiencies in the world, especially among people taking stomach acid-altering medications and antibiotics frequently, along with the elderly and sometimes vegetarians/vegans
2022 Feb 17;2022:9764940
In order for the body to make red blood cells, it needs vitamin B12
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