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This then leads to nausea, coughing, and dizziness

Elevated myosin heavy chain and decreased Sarco/endoplasmic reticulum calcium-ATPase (SERCA2a) suggest aberrant calcium cycling at the molecular level (183)

Aldehydes have also been shown to contribute to gut inflammation, imbalances in the gut bacteria as well as suppression of the immune system in the gut which may make it more susceptible to infections

Secondhand smoke exposure can also lead to lung cancer and heart disease

Hence, we conducted this systematic review to amalgamate the available evidence to understand better the implications of e-cigarette exposure on the risk of developing cancer and update the findings of the KCL review 5

Effect of smoking cessation on markers of inflammation and endothelial cell activation among individuals with high risk for cardiovascular disease